Bones mechanical competence and its fragility in particular depend to a certain extent on the structure and microstructure of the cortical bone compartment. Pdf bones mechanical competence and its fragility in particular depend to a certain extent on. Influence of cancellous bone microstructure on ultrasonic. However, cancellous bone has the capacity to bear a functional load and is part of the bonetoimplant interface. Beyond bone mineral density bmd and bone mineral content, a variety of other features of cortical bone contribute to whole bones resistance to fracture. Cancellous bone microstructure is an important determinant of the mechanical integrity of vertebrae. Both biomechanical properties and trabecular microarchitectures were evaluated for cancellous bone samples from female ovariectomized rats, which were either shamoperated or treated with marine peptide 0. Sp at the mandibular condyle were also successfully evaluated by. Microstructural, cancellous bone, fracture risk assessment.
In the simulation, the trabecular microstructure was modeled based on digital images, and its morphological changes due to surface movement at the trabecular level were directly expressed by removing. A multiscale method for the design of elastic solids with a cancellous bone parameterized biomimetic microstructure is introduced in this work. This approach considers different types of loads, i. Not only stiffness, but also yield strength of the trabecular structure. The purpose of this study was to correlate changes in cortical and cancellous bone mass, structure, and dynamics with mechanical properties during and after. Functional dependence of cancellous bone shear properties.
Relevant pearson analysis was performed to investigate the association between the fracture probability and the microstructure and mechanical properties of. Changes in the threedimensional microstructure of human. Characterization of a polymer, opencell rigid foam that simulates the ultrasonic properties of. Multicenter mri reproducibility of cancellous bone. Relation to bone mineral density and microstructure brent k. Cancellous bone, light, porous bone enclosing numerous large spaces that give a honeycombed or spongy appearance. The microstructure of the cancellous bone determines its mechanical properties and a precise geometric modeling of this structure is important to predict the material properties. Pdf the threedimensional microstructure of trabecular bone. Improvement of cancellous bone microstructure in patients on teriparatide following alendronate pretreatment astrid fahrleitnerpammera. The synthesis of cancellous bone has a variety of factors to influence the design of trabecular bone including structure, material properties, geometry and permeability. Structural changes in oa have also been described as differ. Medial oa cancellous bone was significantly thicker and markedly platelike, but lower in mechanical properties than normal bone.
This study concerns the cancellous bone which is most affected by the osteoporosis. Dunning 1departments of biomedical engineering and 2mechanical and materials engineering biomechanical testing laboratory, university of western ontario, london, ontario, canada. Pdf dynamic behavior and microstructural properties of. In total, cancellous bone makes up about 20% of the typical adult human skeleton. Cancellous and cortical bone mechanical properties and tissue. Withinbone variability of human vertebral trabecular. The numerous microstructural parameters that have been studied extensively are generally represented as a single value obtained as an average over a sample. Multicenter mri reproducibility of cancellous bone microstructure at the distal radius b. Material heterogeneity in cancellous bone promotes. This book provides comprehensive mechanobiological insights into bone, including the microstructure of cancellous bone and its realistic loading in the human body. However, in compact coarsecancellous bone 4, 5 the structure is fuzzy and it is difficult to distinguish between the two types of bone with any clarity.
Structural strength of cancellous specimens from bovine. Original article association of microstructural and. Kregef,imrepavod a department of internal medicine, division of endocrinology and metabolism, medical university of graz, graz, austria b department of anatomy and cell biology. Methods thoracic 12 and l1 vertebrae were collected fresh f rom 15. The bone matrix, or framework, is organized into a threedimensional latticework of bony processes, called trabeculae, arranged along lines of stress.
Natural or biological materials usually achieve outstanding mechanical performances. In particular, cancellous bone presents a high stiffnessstrength to weight ratio, so its structure inspires the development of novel ultralight cellular materials. To investigate such relationships, we used a constant flow rate. Improvement of cancellous bone microstructure in patients on teriparatide following alendronate pretreatment article pdf available in bone 89 may 2016 with 104 reads how we measure reads. First, the structure of compact bone is relatively simple compared to the architecture of cancellous bone, so its constitutive behaviour can be. In this paper the numerical implementation of twoscale modelling of bone microstructure is presented. Variability in ultrasound backscatter induced by trabecular microstructure deterioration in cancellous bone xingxingchou, 1 fengxu, 1 yingli, 1 chengchengliu, 2. The finite difference time domain fdtd method was used to simulate the backscatter signal in cancellous bone. Mechanical properties of cancellous bone of the distal humerus 1 cheryl e. Similar microstructural changes were also observed for the lateral specimens from oa bone, although there had been no sign of cartilage damage. The proposed approach is based on a firstorder computational homogenization technique.
Ultrasonic characterization of human trabecular bone. Therefore, the results were unlikely to represent human bone microstructure in general. Request pdf simulation of orthotropic microstructure remodelling of cancellous bone a computational model of adaptive bone remodelling is formulated as an optimization problem of instantaneous. Association of microstructural and mechanical properties of. Cancellous bone mechanical characterization and finite. Microstructure characterization of cancellous bone based on. Multiscale design of elastic solids with biomimetic. Ultrasonic backscatter difference measurements of cancellous bone from the human femur. The ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone is modelled using the schoch theory and the biot theory. Pdf this study was performed to analyze human maxillary and mandibular trabecular bone using the data acquired from microcomputed tomography. Cancellous bone is the meshwork of spongy tissue trabeculae of mature adult bone typically found at the core of vertebral bones in the spine and the ends of the long bones such as the femur or thigh bone.
This paper is devoted to the microstructure geometric modeling and mechanical properties computation of cancellous bone. This study suggests that baseline cancellous bone structure estimated from adjacent nonfractured bone contributes to the cancellous bone. Spongy bone is usually located at the ends of the long bones the epiphyses, with the harder compact bone surrounding it. The study is a part of longterm project on bone remodelling which drives bone microstructure change based directly on trabeculae surface energy.
The shape of bone is determined only by the static stressing. The range of the intrasample variability of cancellous. A twoscale approach for trabecular bone microstructure. Microstructural modeling and multiscale mechanical. The central and anterosuperior regions of the vertebral body have a lower bone volume fraction bvtv than the corresponding posterior region 14, 16. Research article threedimensional microstructure of human. Pdf the role of cortical bone and its microstructure in. Four spherical cancellous bone specimens extracted from two bovine femora were prepared for the estimation of acoustical and structural anisotropies of cancellous bone. Vertebral trabecular bone has a complex inhomogeneous 3d microstructure 14, 15. Hoffmeister et al 2018 the journal of the acoustical society of america 143 3642. Analysis of the architecture and mechanical properties of. Currently, various studies have been conducted to evaluate the microstructure and the mechanical properties of cancellous bone in various ways such as compression tests.
To determine the relationship between the ultrasonic backscatter parameters and trabecular microstructural variations in cancellous bone, three erosion procedures were performed to simulate various changes in the cancellous bone microstructure. It has long been believed that the cancellous bone microstructure is optimized for the stresses encountered during normal activities with minimal weight15. It is highly vascularized and contains red bone marrow. This bone is produced by cortical bone wrapping around the struts of cancellous bone, without replacement or remodeling of the old cancellous bone. Bone is strongest in compression, weakest in shear, intermediate in tension the mineral content is the main determinant of the e of cortical bone cancellous bone is 25% as dense, 10% as stiff and 500% as ductile as cortical bone cortical bone is excellent in resisting torque cancellous bone is good in resisting comression and shear. Simulation of orthotropic microstructure remodelling of. Effect of specimen size on cancellous bone microstructural. Pdf agerelated changes in trabecular and cortical bone.
Agerelated changes in trabecular and cortical bone. Influence of cancellous bone microstructure on two. Bvtv indicated that the amount of bone was the greatest in the anterior mandible, although the difference was not statistically significant. The absorption part from the trabecular cylinders was ignored due to small bone volume fraction and large difference of impedance in solid trabecular and fluid marrow. Dynamic behavior and microstructural properties of. Based on the microscopic observation, a new microstructural unit cell model is established by. As of any other biological structure, bone tissue composition along with microstructural architecture determines the tissue mechanical properties of trabecular. In vitro measurements were performed using a pvdf transducer. The influence of cancellous bone microstructure on the ultrasonic wave propagation of fast and slow waves was experimentally investigated.
Cancellous bone, also called trabecular bone or spongy bone, light, porous bone enclosing numerous large spaces that give a honeycombed or spongy appearance. Human cancellous bone from t12l1 vertebrae has unique microstructural and trabecular shear stress properties yener n. We specifically focus on the threedimensional microstructure of the vertebrae, femoral neck, and distal radius, which are common osteoporotic fracture sites. On the other hand, the microstructural parameters of cancellous bone are calculated by using an xray microtomography and then. The applications of cbct in evaluating bone quality are still restricted for bone density assessment. Agerelated variations in the microstructure of human. Through morphometric observations, fatigue tests and compression tests, we obtained parameters of mechanical properties of cancellous bones. Improvement of cancellous bone microstructure in patients. The aim of the presented study is then to characterize the mechanical properties of the. Pdf the role of cortical bone and its microstructure in bone. Biomechanics and mechanobiology of trabecular bone. Cancellous bone definition back pain and neck pain. Variability of trabecular microstructure is age, gender. Mechanical properties of cortical and cancellous bone.
The structure of the cancellous bone can be likened to a honeycomb that consists of interconnecting spaces containing the bone marrow. The microarchitecture of cancellous bone is considered a major determinant of the fracture. The risk of bone fracture was consequently reduced when treated by a high dose of cod bone gelatin. Pdf studies and modelling the effect of porosity on the. Cancellous bone is also found in the pelvic bones, and in the ribs and vertebrae. The threedimensional microstructure of trabecular bone. The evaluation of trabecular bone microarchitecture. Human cancellous bone from t12l1 vertebrae has unique. Pdf improvement of cancellous bone microstructure in. Cancellous bone has a complex anisotropic microstructure made up of a network of struts called trabeculae typically 400. At the mesoscale, the size of cancellous bone is from micrometres to several hundred. Therefore relationship between the microstructural parameters and the mechanical properties of the cancellous bone of bovine distal femur was investigated.
To establish clinical bone assessment for osteoporosis, it is necessary to evaluate not only bone density but also trabecular bone microstructure and mechanical properties of bone. During aging process, the bone structure has significant difference. Sp, bone volume fraction bvtv and structure model index smi based on ultrasonic cscan imaging. And stresses in trabeculae are evenly distributed throughout trabecular architecture.
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